Teaching monkeys the value of
money
This is a hilarious article about a Yale economist who,
over the course of several months, has introduced the
concept of money to a handful of capuchin monkeys. As
a result, these monkeys now know how to deal with price
shocks and wealth shocks. They can only spend money
on different foods but to a capuchin that's well worth
it. In some experiments the researcher determined that
his capuchins behaves in ways "statistically indistinguishable
from most stock-market investors.'' (NY Times free membership
required)
Read
it here >>
Andrzej Wajda 's war movie
about the desperate escape by a group of Polish resistance
fighters through the sewers under Warsaw won the special
jury prize at Cannes (sharing it with
The
Seventh Seal) for its unrelenting tone.
Don't drink that
That is an interesting pairing. Both films feature a
small cast of characters on a journey that we know is
a doomed one. Each has a stalwart leader in charge of
a group of people whose individual journeys will end
in nothing. It's how each ends their journey that is
important.
Kanal is more specific to its point
in history whereas
The Seventh Seal seems (to
me at least) to be more mythical and universal.
For Polish audiences,
Kanal tells one small
story in the national tragedy which was the fall of
Warsaw to the Nazi war machine before WWII became a
world war. Warsaw stood for three weeks against the
bombers and tanks with citizens fighting alongside the
shattered regular army, fighting with small arms against
the mechanized might of the Nazis.
In
Kanal,
a small group of fighters is ordered to withdraw from
its embattled positions in the outskirts in order to
make it back to "the Centre" (which I assume
is the center of Warsaw).
The fighters, men, women and
a young boy among them, are willing to fight to the
last but they submit to the orders. However, the only
way back to the Centre is through a network of sewers
and only one among them actually knows the sure way.
No sooner have they descended into the sewer than
they inevitably become separated and lost.
The final two-thirds of the movie follows the separate
futile wanderings of each member of the squad as they
take wrong turns, flounder through the shit and poisoned
air in the tunnels, fight each other and gradually lose
their humanity. As I watched the film I began to see
comparisons with more recent horror and science fiction
thriller films where desperate humanity seek to escape
their doom and an unseen enemy. For example
Cube,
Aliens and
Logan's Run. You could squint and imagine leathery
aliens ambushing the Polish soldiers instead of Nazi
stormtroopers. In the end, these parallels with contemporary
film appealed to me the most.
When
Kanal was first released, Polish authorities
immediately banned it. It was too bleak. Suffice to
say that the way each fighter meets their end is as
important as their end itself. The theme to me seems
to be that it was better that they died fighting together
as a family rather than scrambling in a sewer, reduced
to dying like rats for the promise of living.
I saw an older print of
Kanal at the
Pacific
Cinematheque but
Criterion
has just released the trilogy of Andrzej Wajda's war
films (
Kanal, Ashes and Diamonds, A Generation)
on
DVD.